What does discrimination refer to?

Discrimination refers specifically to unjust treatment of individuals based on their membership in a particular group, often characterized by race, gender, age, religion, or other identifying attributes. This concept highlights the negative consequences that can arise from prejudice and biases within society, where certain groups may be treated unfairly in various contexts, such as employment, education, and social interactions.

Understanding discrimination in this way emphasizes the systemic inequalities that can occur when social power dynamics favor certain groups over others. It is essential to recognize that discrimination does not involve meritocracy or fairness; instead, it undermines these ideals by creating barriers that prevent equal participation and opportunity for all individuals, based solely on their identity rather than their abilities or merits. This distinction is crucial in discussions around social justice and equality, as addressing discrimination involves challenging these imbalances and working toward inclusive practices that recognize and value diversity.