Western Governors University (WGU) SOCG1010 C273 Introduction to Sociology Practice Exam

Herbert Spencer, a key figure in sociology, is known for his application of the concept of evolution to social structures. He believed that societies evolve from simple, lower forms to more complex, higher forms. This perspective is indicative of a linear progression, where social institutions and structures develop and become more sophisticated over time, similar to biological evolution in the natural world.

Spencer argued that just as organisms adapt to their environments through natural selection, societies also change and progress through a similar process of competition and adaptation. He posited that more "advanced" societies have better organization, technology, and capabilities, which contribute to their continued development and success. This viewpoint places a significant emphasis on the idea of social progress and improvement over generations, highlighting that change tends to move toward greater complexity and efficiency.

In short, the correct answer illustrates Spencer's belief in the positive evolution of societies, aligning with his perspective that higher forms represent more advanced and effective social structures.